MC10g0845 (gene) Bitter gourd (Dali-11) v1

Overview


Name	MC10g0845
Type	gene
Organism	Momordica charantia cv. Dali-11 (Bitter gourd (Dali-11) v1)
Description	protein RALF-like 9
Location	MC10: 7138511 .. 7138774 (-)
RNA-Seq Expression	MC10g0845
Synteny	MC10g0845

Sequences

The following sequences are available for this feature:

Gene sequence (with intron)

Legend: CDSpolypeptide

Hold the cursor over a type above to highlight its positions in the sequence below.

ATGGCCATCTCCAAGGGAAGCATGTTTATCTTTGTTGGCATTCTCTTGTATTGTATGGGCATGATTGATATTACAAATGCAACACGATTCATCCATTATGATCCTCTTAGAGGAGATGTTAGTCCTGGATGCAGTCCTACCCATCCTGAACTTTGTAAATTACATCATGCCAACCCATATGAAAGAGGTTGTACTTCAATCGATCGCTGCAGAGGAGGAAGTGATATCATAGATGGAGAAGAAATGATTGTTAAAGGTGATGCA

mRNA sequence

ATGGCCATCTCCAAGGGAAGCATGTTTATCTTTGTTGGCATTCTCTTGTATTGTATGGGCATGATTGATATTACAAATGCAACACGATTCATCCATTATGATCCTCTTAGAGGAGATGTTAGTCCTGGATGCAGTCCTACCCATCCTGAACTTTGTAAATTACATCATGCCAACCCATATGAAAGAGGTTGTACTTCAATCGATCGCTGCAGAGGAGGAAGTGATATCATAGATGGAGAAGAAATGATTGTTAAAGGTGATGCA

Coding sequence (CDS)

ATGGCCATCTCCAAGGGAAGCATGTTTATCTTTGTTGGCATTCTCTTGTATTGTATGGGCATGATTGATATTACAAATGCAACACGATTCATCCATTATGATCCTCTTAGAGGAGATGTTAGTCCTGGATGCAGTCCTACCCATCCTGAACTTTGTAAATTACATCATGCCAACCCATATGAAAGAGGTTGTACTTCAATCGATCGCTGCAGAGGAGGAAGTGATATCATAGATGGAGAAGAAATGATTGTTAAAGGTGATGCA

Protein sequence

MAISKGSMFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHANPYERGCTSIDRCRGGSDIIDGEEMIVKGDA

Homology

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. ExPASy Swiss-Prot
Match: Q3ECL0 (Protein RALF-like 9 OS=Arabidopsis thaliana OX=3702 GN=RALFL9 PE=3 SV=1)

HSP 1 Score: 60.1 bits (144), Expect = 1.5e-08
Identity = 26/48 (54.17%), Postives = 31/48 (64.58%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 27 ATRFIHYDPL-RGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHANPYERGCTSIDRCRGG 74
          ATR+I Y  + RGD +  C   HP  CK   ANPY+RGC  I+RCRGG
Sbjct: 28 ATRYITYPAIDRGDHAVHCDKAHPNTCKKKEANPYQRGCEKINRCRGG 75

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. ExPASy Swiss-Prot
Match: A8MQM7 (Protein RALF-like 15 OS=Arabidopsis thaliana OX=3702 GN=RALFL15 PE=3 SV=1)

HSP 1 Score: 52.0 bits (123), Expect = 4.0e-06
Identity = 27/73 (36.99%), Postives = 39/73 (53.42%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 1  MAISKG-SMFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPL-RGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHAN 60
          M +SK   + + + ++L+         ATR+I Y  +  GD +  C   HP  CK   AN
Sbjct: 1  MGMSKSIKVIVSLALILFLALAATKVEATRYISYRGMNHGDHAIHCDKAHPNTCKKQVAN 60

Query: 61 PYERGCTSIDRCR 72
          PY RGC +I+RCR
Sbjct: 61 PYRRGCGTIERCR 73

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. ExPASy Swiss-Prot
Match: A8MQI8 (Protein RALF-like 5 OS=Arabidopsis thaliana OX=3702 GN=RALFL5 PE=2 SV=1)

HSP 1 Score: 51.2 bits (121), Expect = 6.9e-06
Identity = 27/67 (40.30%), Postives = 37/67 (55.22%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 5  KGSMFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHANPYERGC 64
          K  +F+FV +L++    I+  +A R+I Y P +        PT P+  K   ANPY RGC
Sbjct: 3  KAQVFMFVTVLVFVCVFINSNDAKRYIEYPPWQKHPCNPRFPT-PDCYKRTPANPYRRGC 62

Query: 65 TSIDRCR 72
          T I RCR
Sbjct: 63 TCISRCR 68

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. ExPASy Swiss-Prot
Match: A8MQL7 (Protein RALF-like 20 OS=Arabidopsis thaliana OX=3702 GN=RALFL20 PE=3 SV=1)

HSP 1 Score: 48.9 bits (115), Expect = 3.4e-05
Identity = 21/58 (36.21%), Postives = 30/58 (51.72%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 15 LLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHANPYERGCTSIDRCRG 73
          L+  + ++  T   + I    +R D   GC P  P  CK+  ANPY+ GC +  RCRG
Sbjct: 14 LMIILSIVMSTTEAKTIGNPAMREDEPKGCPPGSPASCKMQPANPYKPGCEASQRCRG 71

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. ExPASy Swiss-Prot
Match: A8MQP2 (Protein RALF-like 29 OS=Arabidopsis thaliana OX=3702 GN=RALFL29 PE=3 SV=1)

HSP 1 Score: 48.9 bits (115), Expect = 3.4e-05
Identity = 27/63 (42.86%), Postives = 34/63 (53.97%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 11 FVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELC--KLHHANPYERGCTSID 70
          FV IL+     I   +A R+I Y P+R D+  GC P  P     K   ANPY R CT+ +
Sbjct: 9  FVTILIVLCVFISTIHAKRYIEY-PIRLDLGKGCDPRFPTAACYKRTPANPYRRPCTTAN 68

Query: 71 RCR 72
          RCR
Sbjct: 69 RCR 70

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. NCBI nr
Match: XP_022159360.1 (uncharacterized protein LOC111025777 [Momordica charantia])

HSP 1 Score: 178 bits (451), Expect = 2.66e-55
Identity = 83/88 (94.32%), Postives = 85/88 (96.59%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 1  MAISKGSMFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHANPY 60
          MAISKGSMFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLH ANPY
Sbjct: 1  MAISKGSMFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHSANPY 60

Query: 61 ERGCTSIDRCRGGSDIIDGEEMIVKGDA 88
          +RGCTSIDRCRGGSDIID  EMIV+GDA
Sbjct: 61 KRGCTSIDRCRGGSDIIDDAEMIVEGDA 88

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. NCBI nr
Match: KAE8650705.1 (hypothetical protein Csa_010421 [Cucumis sativus])

HSP 1 Score: 112 bits (281), Expect = 3.71e-30
Identity = 54/89 (60.67%), Postives = 65/89 (73.03%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 1  MAISKGSMFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPL-RGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHANP 60
          M +SK    +F+GILL    MI ITNA +FI Y  +  GDVSPGCSPTHPELC++  ANP
Sbjct: 1  MIMSKRMTLVFIGILLVSFDMIMITNAKKFIDYGSIVAGDVSPGCSPTHPELCRVKSANP 60

Query: 61 YERGCTSIDRCRGGSDIIDGEEMIVKGDA 88
          Y+RGC  IDRCR G+DIID EE  ++GDA
Sbjct: 61 YQRGCNRIDRCREGNDIIDAEEEHIEGDA 89

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. NCBI nr
Match: XP_022136918.1 (uncharacterized protein LOC111008495 [Momordica charantia])

HSP 1 Score: 108 bits (270), Expect = 1.44e-27
Identity = 54/88 (61.36%), Postives = 65/88 (73.86%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 1  MAISKGSMFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHANPY 60
          M   KGSM +F+GILL    MI+ITNA ++I+Y  L+ DVSPGCSP HP LCKLH AN Y
Sbjct: 1  MMTPKGSMLVFIGILLVSFRMIEITNAIQYINYHALKTDVSPGCSPKHPGLCKLHEANSY 60

Query: 61 ERGCTSIDRCRGGSDIIDGEEMIVKGDA 88
          +RGC++I+RCR   D ID EE I KGDA
Sbjct: 61 QRGCSAINRCRR-DDYIDSEEKI-KGDA 86

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. NCBI nr
Match: XP_022961577.1 (protein RALF-like 9 [Cucurbita moschata])

HSP 1 Score: 99.8 bits (247), Expect = 8.02e-25
Identity = 46/80 (57.50%), Postives = 58/80 (72.50%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 4  SKGSMFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHANPYERG 63
          SKG+M IF+ +L   + MI+ITNAT +I+YDPL+ +    CSPTHP+LCK   ANPY+RG
Sbjct: 2  SKGTMIIFIVVLFVSINMIEITNATHYINYDPLKKNRDLVCSPTHPDLCKTTPANPYQRG 61

Query: 64 CTSIDRCRGGS--DIIDGEE 81
          C  IDRCRG    DIID +E
Sbjct: 62 CNPIDRCRGAESDDIIDNDE 81

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. NCBI nr
Match: XP_023546462.1 (protein RALF-like 9 [Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo])

HSP 1 Score: 91.7 bits (226), Expect = 1.11e-21
Identity = 43/76 (56.58%), Postives = 54/76 (71.05%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 8  MFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHANPYERGCTSI 67
          M IF+ +L   + MI+ITNAT +I+YDPL+ +    CSPTHP+LCK   ANPY+RGC  I
Sbjct: 1  MVIFIVVLFVSINMIEITNATHYINYDPLKKNRDLVCSPTHPDLCKKIPANPYQRGCNPI 60

Query: 68 DRCRGGS--DIIDGEE 81
          DRCRG    DIID +E
Sbjct: 61 DRCRGAESDDIIDNDE 76

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. ExPASy TrEMBL
Match: A0A6J1DYH7 (uncharacterized protein LOC111025777 OS=Momordica charantia OX=3673 GN=LOC111025777 PE=3 SV=1)

HSP 1 Score: 178 bits (451), Expect = 1.29e-55
Identity = 83/88 (94.32%), Postives = 85/88 (96.59%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 1  MAISKGSMFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHANPY 60
          MAISKGSMFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLH ANPY
Sbjct: 1  MAISKGSMFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHSANPY 60

Query: 61 ERGCTSIDRCRGGSDIIDGEEMIVKGDA 88
          +RGCTSIDRCRGGSDIID  EMIV+GDA
Sbjct: 61 KRGCTSIDRCRGGSDIIDDAEMIVEGDA 88

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. ExPASy TrEMBL
Match: A0A0A0L8B1 (Uncharacterized protein OS=Cucumis sativus OX=3659 GN=Csa_3G426350 PE=3 SV=1)

HSP 1 Score: 112 bits (281), Expect = 1.80e-30
Identity = 54/89 (60.67%), Postives = 65/89 (73.03%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 1  MAISKGSMFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPL-RGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHANP 60
          M +SK    +F+GILL    MI ITNA +FI Y  +  GDVSPGCSPTHPELC++  ANP
Sbjct: 1  MIMSKRMTLVFIGILLVSFDMIMITNARKFIDYGSIVAGDVSPGCSPTHPELCRVKSANP 60

Query: 61 YERGCTSIDRCRGGSDIIDGEEMIVKGDA 88
          Y+RGC  IDRCR G+DIID EE  ++GDA
Sbjct: 61 YQRGCNRIDRCREGNDIIDAEEEHIEGDA 89

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. ExPASy TrEMBL
Match: A0A6J1C8U5 (uncharacterized protein LOC111008495 OS=Momordica charantia OX=3673 GN=LOC111008495 PE=3 SV=1)

HSP 1 Score: 108 bits (270), Expect = 6.97e-28
Identity = 54/88 (61.36%), Postives = 65/88 (73.86%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 1  MAISKGSMFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHANPY 60
          M   KGSM +F+GILL    MI+ITNA ++I+Y  L+ DVSPGCSP HP LCKLH AN Y
Sbjct: 1  MMTPKGSMLVFIGILLVSFRMIEITNAIQYINYHALKTDVSPGCSPKHPGLCKLHEANSY 60

Query: 61 ERGCTSIDRCRGGSDIIDGEEMIVKGDA 88
          +RGC++I+RCR   D ID EE I KGDA
Sbjct: 61 QRGCSAINRCRR-DDYIDSEEKI-KGDA 86

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. ExPASy TrEMBL
Match: A0A6J1HAJ8 (protein RALF-like 9 OS=Cucurbita moschata OX=3662 GN=LOC111462118 PE=3 SV=1)

HSP 1 Score: 99.8 bits (247), Expect = 3.88e-25
Identity = 46/80 (57.50%), Postives = 58/80 (72.50%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 4  SKGSMFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHANPYERG 63
          SKG+M IF+ +L   + MI+ITNAT +I+YDPL+ +    CSPTHP+LCK   ANPY+RG
Sbjct: 2  SKGTMIIFIVVLFVSINMIEITNATHYINYDPLKKNRDLVCSPTHPDLCKTTPANPYQRG 61

Query: 64 CTSIDRCRGGS--DIIDGEE 81
          C  IDRCRG    DIID +E
Sbjct: 62 CNPIDRCRGAESDDIIDNDE 81

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. ExPASy TrEMBL
Match: A0A6J1FQ53 (auxin-induced in root cultures protein 12-like OS=Cucurbita moschata OX=3662 GN=LOC111447217 PE=3 SV=1)

HSP 1 Score: 90.1 bits (222), Expect = 2.49e-19
Identity = 39/78 (50.00%), Postives = 52/78 (66.67%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 1   MAISKGSMFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNAT-RFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHANP 60
           MAIS  +M +  G L  C+ M+ ITNA    I Y+ +R DVSPGC+  HP LC+ H ANP
Sbjct: 228 MAISIRNMLVLFGALFICIDMVGITNANANLIDYEAIRADVSPGCNHKHPHLCETHQANP 287

Query: 61  YERGCTSIDRCRGGSDII 77
           YERGC +I++CRG   ++
Sbjct: 288 YERGCNAINQCRGSKSVV 305

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. TAIR 10
Match: AT1G61566.1 (ralf-like 9 )

HSP 1 Score: 60.1 bits (144), Expect = 1.0e-09
Identity = 26/48 (54.17%), Postives = 31/48 (64.58%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 27 ATRFIHYDPL-RGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHANPYERGCTSIDRCRGG 74
          ATR+I Y  + RGD +  C   HP  CK   ANPY+RGC  I+RCRGG
Sbjct: 28 ATRYITYPAIDRGDHAVHCDKAHPNTCKKKEANPYQRGCEKINRCRGG 75

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. TAIR 10
Match: AT2G22055.1 (RALF-like 15 )

HSP 1 Score: 52.0 bits (123), Expect = 2.9e-07
Identity = 27/73 (36.99%), Postives = 39/73 (53.42%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 1  MAISKG-SMFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPL-RGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHAN 60
          M +SK   + + + ++L+         ATR+I Y  +  GD +  C   HP  CK   AN
Sbjct: 1  MGMSKSIKVIVSLALILFLALAATKVEATRYISYRGMNHGDHAIHCDKAHPNTCKKQVAN 60

Query: 61 PYERGCTSIDRCR 72
          PY RGC +I+RCR
Sbjct: 61 PYRRGCGTIERCR 73

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. TAIR 10
Match: AT1G35467.1 (RALF-like 5 )

HSP 1 Score: 51.2 bits (121), Expect = 4.9e-07
Identity = 27/67 (40.30%), Postives = 37/67 (55.22%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 5  KGSMFIFVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHANPYERGC 64
          K  +F+FV +L++    I+  +A R+I Y P +        PT P+  K   ANPY RGC
Sbjct: 3  KAQVFMFVTVLVFVCVFINSNDAKRYIEYPPWQKHPCNPRFPT-PDCYKRTPANPYRRGC 62

Query: 65 TSIDRCR 72
          T I RCR
Sbjct: 63 TCISRCR 68

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. TAIR 10
Match: AT2G34825.1 (RALF-like 20 )

HSP 1 Score: 48.9 bits (115), Expect = 2.4e-06
Identity = 21/58 (36.21%), Postives = 30/58 (51.72%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 15 LLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELCKLHHANPYERGCTSIDRCRG 73
          L+  + ++  T   + I    +R D   GC P  P  CK+  ANPY+ GC +  RCRG
Sbjct: 14 LMIILSIVMSTTEAKTIGNPAMREDEPKGCPPGSPASCKMQPANPYKPGCEASQRCRG 71

[Close]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. TAIR 10
Match: AT4G11653.1 (RALF-like 29 )

HSP 1 Score: 48.9 bits (115), Expect = 2.4e-06
Identity = 27/63 (42.86%), Postives = 34/63 (53.97%), Query Frame = 0


Query: 11 FVGILLYCMGMIDITNATRFIHYDPLRGDVSPGCSPTHPELC--KLHHANPYERGCTSID 70
          FV IL+     I   +A R+I Y P+R D+  GC P  P     K   ANPY R CT+ +
Sbjct: 9  FVTILIVLCVFISTIHAKRYIEY-PIRLDLGKGCDPRFPTAACYKRTPANPYRRPCTTAN 68

Query: 71 RCR 72
          RCR
Sbjct: 69 RCR 70

The following BLAST results are available for this feature:

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. ExPASy Swiss-Prot


Match Name	E-value	Identity	Description
Q3ECL0	1.5e-08	54.17	Protein RALF-like 9 OS=Arabidopsis thaliana OX=3702 GN=RALFL9 PE=3 SV=1	[more]
A8MQM7	4.0e-06	36.99	Protein RALF-like 15 OS=Arabidopsis thaliana OX=3702 GN=RALFL15 PE=3 SV=1	[more]
A8MQI8	6.9e-06	40.30	Protein RALF-like 5 OS=Arabidopsis thaliana OX=3702 GN=RALFL5 PE=2 SV=1	[more]
A8MQL7	3.4e-05	36.21	Protein RALF-like 20 OS=Arabidopsis thaliana OX=3702 GN=RALFL20 PE=3 SV=1	[more]
A8MQP2	3.4e-05	42.86	Protein RALF-like 29 OS=Arabidopsis thaliana OX=3702 GN=RALFL29 PE=3 SV=1	[more]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. NCBI nr


Match Name	E-value	Identity	Description
XP_022159360.1	2.66e-55	94.32	uncharacterized protein LOC111025777 [Momordica charantia]	[more]
KAE8650705.1	3.71e-30	60.67	hypothetical protein Csa_010421 [Cucumis sativus]	[more]
XP_022136918.1	1.44e-27	61.36	uncharacterized protein LOC111008495 [Momordica charantia]	[more]
XP_022961577.1	8.02e-25	57.50	protein RALF-like 9 [Cucurbita moschata]	[more]
XP_023546462.1	1.11e-21	56.58	protein RALF-like 9 [Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo]	[more]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. ExPASy TrEMBL


Match Name	E-value	Identity	Description
A0A6J1DYH7	1.29e-55	94.32	uncharacterized protein LOC111025777 OS=Momordica charantia OX=3673 GN=LOC111025...	[more]
A0A0A0L8B1	1.80e-30	60.67	Uncharacterized protein OS=Cucumis sativus OX=3659 GN=Csa_3G426350 PE=3 SV=1	[more]
A0A6J1C8U5	6.97e-28	61.36	uncharacterized protein LOC111008495 OS=Momordica charantia OX=3673 GN=LOC111008...	[more]
A0A6J1HAJ8	3.88e-25	57.50	protein RALF-like 9 OS=Cucurbita moschata OX=3662 GN=LOC111462118 PE=3 SV=1	[more]
A0A6J1FQ53	2.49e-19	50.00	auxin-induced in root cultures protein 12-like OS=Cucurbita moschata OX=3662 GN=...	[more]

BLAST of MC10g0845 vs. TAIR 10


Match Name	E-value	Identity	Description
AT1G61566.1	1.0e-09	54.17	ralf-like 9	[more]
AT2G22055.1	2.9e-07	36.99	RALF-like 15	[more]
AT1G35467.1	4.9e-07	40.30	RALF-like 5	[more]
AT2G34825.1	2.4e-06	36.21	RALF-like 20	[more]
AT4G11653.1	2.4e-06	42.86	RALF-like 29	[more]

InterPro

Analysis Name: InterPro Annotations of Bitter gourd (Dali-11) v1
Date Performed: 2021-10-25


IPR Term	IPR Description	Source	Source Term	Source Description	Alignment
IPR008801	Rapid ALkalinization Factor	PFAM	PF05498	RALF	coord: 26..72 e-value: 1.1E-8 score: 35.9
None	No IPR available	PANTHER	PTHR34270	PROTEIN RALF-LIKE 15-RELATED	coord: 1..88
None	No IPR available	PANTHER	PTHR34270:SF10	SUBFAMILY NOT NAMED	coord: 1..88

Relationships

The following mRNA feature(s) are a part of this gene:


Feature Name	Unique Name	Type
MC10g0845.1	MC10g0845.1	mRNA

GO Annotation

GO Assignments

This gene is annotated with the following GO terms.

Category	Term Accession	Term Name
cellular_component	GO:0005576	extracellular region